ANNOUNCEMENTS
The global imperative to decarbonize energy systems has triggered a paradigm shift, particularly for economies heavily reliant on oil. This thesis presents a comparative economic analysis of the energy transition pathways of Norway, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria—three oil-dependent nations with starkly different institutional capacities, fiscal strategies, and social outcomes. By applying an Input-Output model, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) simulations, and a Carbon Tax Revenue framework, the study quantifies the macroeconomic and labour market implications of phasing out oil while investing in renewables. The findings reveal that Norway has leveraged its oil wealth to build a resilient, forward-looking economy, while Saudi Arabia's top-down strategy remains hindered by implementation gaps. Nigeria, though resource-rich, faces critical institutional and fiscal constraints. The thesis underscores that successful transitions are not only technological but also social and political. It recommends policy blueprints tailored to each country, emphasizing carbon pricing, social protection mechanisms, and long-term investment in green infrastructure. Ultimately, the study frames energy transition not just as a climate necessity, but as a pathway to sustainable prosperity.
Keywords: Energy Transition, Oil-Dependent Economies, Just Transition, Green Employment, Input-Output Model, CGE Simulation, Carbon Taxation, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Nigeria.
