ANNOUNCEMENTS
The coastal ecosystem of Tamil Nadu is a vital ecological and socio-economic zone, rich in biodiversity and home to numerous endemic and migratory species. However it faces severe degradation due to unchecked industrialization, urban expansion, illegal sand mining, over fishing and climate induced threats such as rising sea levels and coastal erosion. Despite the existence of national environmental laws and international commitments, enforcement at the ground level remains inadequate.in this context, the judiciary in India, particularly through the Supreme Court, High Courts and National Green Tribunal (NGT), has emerged as a key factor in environmental governance.
This research critically analyses the role of the judiciary in addressing biodiversity degradation along the coast of Tamil Nadu. It explores the extent to which judicial decisions have influenced environmental policy, regulatory enforcement and community participation in conservation efforts. The study reviews significant case laws, evaluates the implementation of judicial directives and identifies the gaps in institutional coordination and ecological experts.
While judicial activism has led to some landmark rulings promoting environmental protection, the research finds that inconsistent enforcement, limited scientific input, and socio-political constraints often undermine the long term impact of such decisions. The study concludes by offering strategic recommendations to enhance the judiciary's role in coastal biodiversity governance, emphasizing a multi-stakeholder, science based, and ecosystem oriented approach.
