India’s journey began as an agrarian state; however, with the advent of industrialisation, it has managed to become one of the fastest emerging marketplaces. Today, India is on the trajectory of becoming fourth largest economy in the world by almost upon the verge of surpassing Germany in the near future. Development of infrastructure requires availability and possession of land and that’s how land acquisition in India has been a contested claim since and even prior to the independence era. Land availability being limited, any acquisition process by the government would displace the affected population while disrupting their social, cultural and economic dependence and relationship with their land.
The Indian framework of federalism adopted division of powers between the centre and its constituents under the seventh schedule of the constitution, with land falling under the state’s jurisdiction. At the same time the centre continued to retain a greater say in acquisition and requisitioning of property, by virtue of it being a concurrent list subject.