ANNOUNCEMENTS
ZLD treatment system uses advanced technical water treatment systems to reduce liquid waste to zero at the end of the industrial process. The final phase of the overall ZLD process employs multiple effect evaporation based systems for vaporizing and condensing the water from the concentrated wastewater for clean water recovery. The solid waste generated is either sent back to the plant for reuse or disposed securely in the landfill. The study focusses on financial evaluation of multiple effect evaporators to determine cost of treatment of concentrated effluent (Rs./Litres) for different capacity and stages of evaporation systems. Treatment cost depends upon capital investment on the equipment and the operating cost of the plant. Energy is the main operating cost associated with the multi effect evaporation system. Toareduce operationacosts in evaporativeaprocesses, basically energy consumption, meansagenerallyamore heatatransfer area and/oraincreasedanumber of evaporation stages whicharesultsain higheracapital costs. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is estimated for different capacity evaporators with different evaporative stages to determine lowest per litre effluent cost of different multiple effect evaporators systems. Plant capacity ranging from 5KLD – 60KLD are considered for cost estimation each with different stages of evaporation - Single, Double and Triple Stage Evaporators. Life cycle cost assessment is done using Net present value and equivalent annual worth.
