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This thesis investigates the contrasting approaches to the management, community involvement, fishing practices, economic impact, and environmental sustainability of two significant water bodies in India: the Sonipat district pond and Najafgarh Jheel. By comparing these two models, the study highlights the differences in ownership and governance structures, community participation, and economic outcomes. The Sonipat district pond is managed through a community-centric approach under local village heads, ensuring collective maintenance and adherence to conservation norms. In contrast, Najafgarh Jheel operates under a decentralized regulatory framework with local governance, emphasizing restoration efforts and stakeholder engagement.
The research explores how these management practices influence fishing activities, with Sonipat demonstrating responsible stewardship and diversified fishing practices leading to substantial economic benefits. Conversely, Najafgarh Jheel, though slower in recovery, reflects resilience and adaptation by local communities. The study also underscores the critical importance of environmental sustainability, noting that proactive conservation efforts in Sonipat have maintained ecological balance, while Najafgarh's restoration projects aim to address past environmental degradation.
To quantitatively analyse the factors influencing the economic and environmental outcomes in these water bodies, regression analysis was employed. The regression models examined the relationships between community involvement, management practices, and their impacts on economic gains and ecological health. The results provide empirical support for the significant role of governance and community participation in achieving sustainable resource management.
This comparative analysis provides insights into the socio-economic and environmental challenges faced by fishing communities, emphasizing the need for sustainable management practices and informed policy decisions to enhance the resilience and prosperity of water-dependent communities. By examining these two case studies, the thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of effective resource management, the significance of community involvement, and the impact of decentralized governance on sustainable development. The findings serve as a guide for policymakers and stakeholders in promoting sustainable utilization of natural resources and improving the livelihoods of fishing communities in similar contexts.
Keywords: Water bodies, Management approaches, Community involvement, Fishing practices, Economic impact, Environmental sustainability, Sonipat district pond, Najafgarh Jheel, Governance structures, Conservation, Decentralized regulation, Restoration, Stewardship, Socio-economic challenges, Sustainable development, Policy recommendations, Resource management, Fishing communities, Regression analysis.
