The environment and the country's natural resources are constantly being strained by the country's growing population and technological growth. Industrial pollution, soil erosion, deforestation, and urbanization have all contributed to the destruction of the country's resources, such as land, water, and fuel. Women are the most affected by environmental degradation, and they play an important role in household and communal natural resource management. Furthermore, women have been taking a leadership role in environmental conservation and enhancement. Women in Uttarakhand have a long history of caring for the environment. Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, for example, all rely on natural resources, and women play a significant part in food gathering, production, and preparation. However, the gender–environment interaction with the physical environment is obvious in women's home activities, such as water and fuelwood collection, as well as income production. Women are sometimes unable to leave risky locations as easily as males because they are the major caretakers of houses and look after children and the elderly. In the "Chipko Movement," they have made significant sacrifices for environmental preservation.
Since the vulnerability of hill ecosystems to environmental degradation is well established, this paper aims to bring out the challenges and hardships of hill women in Uttarakhand's Hilly Region about conservation, which they believe has exacerbated their hardships by making them more vulnerable to its effects. On the other hand, it aims to map the impact of women's environmental challenges. The goal of this study is to look into the role of women in Uttarakhand’s environmental management.
Keywords: Rural Women, environment conservation, Ecofeminism, Gender and environment.