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Microplastics have been represented as contaminants of emerging risk worldwide. In order to enhance our knowledge surrounding microplastics, an extensive literature review of the existing microplastic (MP) sampling and analytical methodologies with their limitations and advantages specific to different matrices. A subsequent situational assessment on the abundance of microplastics present in Negombo estuary, Sri Lanka was carried out using sampling and analytical lab techniques taking in account the constraints of the country. A median value of 17.2 MP particles /Kg of dry weight in sediment and in surface water 0.741 MP particles/ cubic meter were found. All the observed MP were of secondary origin. The results have been mapped to visualize the hotspots of MP abundance in the study area. Statistically insignificant dependency of proximity to urban areas and freshwater inputs was found with respect MP abundance, due to the study not taking account temporal data. Plastic pollution, which has been the precursor for the current risk by MP, has been visualized from the perspective of the stakeholders of the estuary. The perspectives, risks and solutions found have been in the end used to formulate country specific recommendations appropriate for the implementation in the local context. The findings emphasize the need for harmonized sampling and analytical methodologies for MP assessment, in addition to risk assessment on the effects of MP to animals and humans alike. Additionally focus should be given to mitigation options to curb plastic pollution in the freshwater systems.
Keywords: Microplastics, Estuary, Plastic pollution.
